Dieng temple is a collection of temples located in the foothills of Dieng, Wonosobo, Central Java. Dieng temple area occupies a plateau at an altitude of 2000 m above sea level, elongated north-south direction with a width of about 1900 m along 800 m.
Wing Hindu Shiva temples were built between the estimated end of the 8th century until the beginning of the 9th century is believed to be the oldest temple in Java. Until now has not found written information about the history of Dieng Temple, but experts predict that these temples were built by the kings of Sanjaya dynasty. In Dieng area discovered a stone inscription dated 808 AD, which is the oldest inscription written in ancient Javanese, which are still extant today. A statue of Shiva found in the area is now kept in the National Museum in Jakarta. Dieng temple construction is estimated to take place in two stages. The first phase took place between the end of the 7th century until the first quarter of the 8th century, includes construction of Arjuna, Semar, Heroine Temple and Temple Gatutkaca. The second phase is a continuation of the first phase, lasting until around 780 AD.
Dieng temple was rediscovered in 1814, when it was a British soldier who was to Dieng saw a cluster of temples submerged in lake water. In 1956, Van Kinsbergen led efforts draining the lake where the temples were located. Cleanup efforts continue by the Dutch in 1864, followed by recording and taking pictures by Van Kinsbergen.
Overall width Dieng Temple reaches approximately 1.8 x 0.8 km2. The temples in Dieng Temple area is divided into 3 groups and one individual temple is named after characters in the puppet story from the Mahabharata. The three groups are Arjuna temple, Gatutkaca, Dwarawati group and the individual temple is Candi Bima.
a. Arjuna
Arjuna is located in a central area of Dieng temple, consists of four temples that lined elongated north-south direction. Arjuna temple is located at the southern end, and then successively to the north is the Temple Heroine, temples and temple Sembadra Puntadewa. Right in front of Arjuna, Semar temple there. Fourth in the temple complexes, facing west, except Semar temple overlooking Arjuna temple. This compound is said to be the most intact than the other compounds in the area of Dieng.
Candi Arjuna.
This temple is similar to the temples at Gedong Songo complexes. Berdenah square base with an area the size of about 4 m2. The temple sits above the high base of about 1 m. On the west side there are stairs leading to the entrance to a small room within the body temple. The door has a sort of a corbelled roof that juts out about 1 m from the body of the temple. Above the doorway is decorated with sculptures Kalamakara.
On the outer wall of the north, south and west there is a stone structure that juts out of the wall, forming a frame a niche where the statues. The front of the frame is tiled with patterned pieces of flat. The lower frame is decorated with a pair of dragon heads with gaping mouths. At the top of the frame are ornaments Kalamakara without lower jaw. On the wall in the left and right of the doorway of the north building there are niches to hold a statue. Currently both the empty niches.
On the wall in the south, west and north there are niches to hold a statue. Threshold niches framed with decorative patterns and Kalamakara sticky paper on it. Foot frame is decorated with carved dragon heads with gaping mouths. Right in the middle of the wall under the niche there jaladwara (drains).
Cuboid tiered temple roof, getting up smaller. The top and the top of the roof was destroyed. On each side of each cube are niches and on every corner there are ornaments shaped like a round, sharp-pointed crown. Most of the ornaments are broken.
In the middle of the room in the body of the temple there that looked like a yoni. At the outer corner, attached to the rear wall of the temple there is a statue that has been damaged.
Candi Semar.
The temple is located opposite the temple Arjuna. Plan essentially rectangular longitudinal north-south direction. This temple stands about 50 cm, plain unadorned. Stairs leading to the entrance to the room to the temple located on the east side. The entrance is not corbelled roof. The doorframe with a decorative pattern sticky paper and a dragon head at the base. Above the doorway there Kalamakara without lower jaw.
On the wall on the left and right of the door there is a small window opening. In the north and south walls of the temple are, respectively, two holes that serve as a window, whereas on the west wall (rear) of the temple are three holes. The room in the temple is empty. Pyramid-shaped temple roof unadorned. The peak of the roof was gone, so it is unknown original form. Semar temple supposedly used as a warehouse to store weapons and equipment worship.
Srikandi Temple.
The temple is situated in the north of Arjuna. This temple stands about 50 cm with a square plan. On the east side there is a staircase with a corbelled roof.
On the north wall are carved depicting Vishnu, on the east wall depicting Shiva and the south wall depicting Brahma. Most of the sculpture has been damaged. The roof has crumbled, the original form.
Sembadra temple.
This temple stands about 50 cm with a square ground-plan. In the middle of the south, east and north parts jutting out, as niches such as the corbel. The entrance is located on the west side, has a corbelled roof. The existence of the corbel on the west side and recesses on the other three sides have made the temple looks like a polygon. In the courtyard there is a stone that is laid out as a path to the door.
At first glance it looks like a temple Sembadra rise buildings, for cube-shaped roof that size almost as big as his size. The peak of the roof had been destroyed, so it is not the original form. On the four sides of the roof there is also a small niche as a place to put statues.
Puntadewa temple.
Unlike other temples, temple Puntadewa size is not too big, but this temple seem higher. The temple sits atop a double decker shelf at about 2.5 m. The stairs leading to the entrance into the space within the body of the temple include the temple cheek and made the duplex, according to the temple servant.
The temple roof similar to the roof Sembadra temple, which is a big cube. The roof's top has been destroyed, so it is not the original form. On the four sides of the roof there is also a small niche as a place to put statues. The door has a corbelled roof and frame decorated with motifs of sticky paper.
The temple's interior is narrow and empty. On the other side there are three windows that frame-by ornaments similar to those on the door. Approximately half a meter beyond the foot of the temple there is a fence of stones around the base of the temple. In front of the temple are of stones around the room to form a square. In the middle of the room there are two stacks arrangement of two round stones which peaks spired.
In the north of the temple are of stones around the room to form a rectangular shape. In the middle of the room there are two stone shaped like crock wide.
b. Gatutkaca
Gatutkaca also consists of five temples, the Temple Gatutkaca, Setyaki temple, Temple Nakula, Sadewa Temple, Temple and Temple Gareng Petruk, but this time can still be seen of the building is the Temple Gatutkaca. The other five temples have fallen into ruin.
Gatutkaca temple. This temple stands about 1 m created the duplex with a square ground-plan. In the middle of the south, east and north parts jutting out, as niches such as the corbel. The entrance is located on the west side, has a corbelled roof. Stairs on the shelf, sheltered by the corbelled roof.
Gatutkaca temple also gives rise buildings look like, as the roof is made equal to that of the body. The peak of the roof had been destroyed, so it is not the original form. On the four sides of the roof there is also a small niche as a place to put statues. Approximately half a meter beyond the foot of the temple there is a fence of stones around the base of the temple. In the courtyard of the temple complex there is a pile of stone ruins Gatutkaca four other temples that can not be reassembled.
c. group Dwarawati
Dwarawati group consisted of 4 temples of Dwarawati, Temple Abiyasa, Pandu Temple, and Temple Margasari. However, when these are in a relatively intact condition only one temple, namely Dwarawati.
Dwarawati.
Dwarawati shape similar to Temple Gatutkaca, namely berdenah rectangular base with the viewer on all four sides. The temple sits on about 50 cm high base. Stairs and entrance, located on the west side, is currently in a state of innocence without carving.
In mid-body wall of the temple in the north, east and south there is such a corbelled roof that jutted out forming niches to hold a statue. The top of the arched recesses and tapered at its peak. Threshold niche is decorated with a simple floral. Likewise, the top side of the corbel. All three niches in the body wall of the temple is now empty without any statues.
Glance, the temple looks like a multi-storey buildings, as the roof is made equal to that of the body. On the four sides of the roof there are niches to hold a statue. Currently, the recesses are also empty. The peak of the roof has nothing left anymore so it is unknown original form. In the front yard of the temple are stone structures that resemble a phallus and yoni.
d. Candi Bima
Bima temple is situated alone on a hill. This temple is the largest building in the collection Dieng temple. Different shape from temples in central Java in general. Foot of the temple has a square base plan, but because on every side there is a viewer rather stand out, it is as if the basic plan Bima Temple octagonal.
Viewer on the front protrudes about 1.5 m, serves as a corbel toward the temple's main hall. Viewer on the other three sides niches to hold a statue. Nowadays everything is empty. None of the remaining statues.
The roof shape temple consists of five levels, each level follow the curve of her figure, the upward smaller. Each level is decorated with lotus double seam and recesses kudu. Kudu is a half-body statues that appear throughout as if being looked out. Such ornaments are also in Kalasan. The peak of the roof has been destroyed so that the original form is unknown.
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